This project aims to advance our understanding of the function of different parasite antigens and provide critical data for their development as vaccine candidates.

Sequence data from a large number of P. falciparum and P. vivax isolates is being generated to measure genetic diversity and signatures of natural selection, followed by 3D protein modeling and in vitro assays to gain insight into the functional implications of polymorphism.

In addition, we are investigating samples from longitudinal cohorts of children to identify correlates of immunity and parasite genetic determinants of immune escape. The resulting information will be used in the development of parasite antigens as vaccine candidates and to maximize their ability to target all strains.

Project resources

2016  Genome technology boosts malaria control efforts

2016  3RRR FM interview: Malaria parasite evolution

Team members

Digjaya Utama, Elijah Martin

Uncovering molecular targets of natural immunity to malaria and the host molecules that they interact with may lead to new vaccines and diagnostic tools.

P. falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) is a major immune target however extreme genetic diversity amongst these antigens has complicated vaccine development. In order to identify the critical protective antibody targets we have developed a protein microarray approach to investigate antibody responses to large numbers of PfEMP1 variants in parallel.

We used this approach to investigate antibody response patterns in a cohort of young children from PNG to identify targets of protective immunity. We are now investigating the impact of genetic polymorphism in PfEMP1 receptors such as EPCR, CR1 and ICAM1. We are also interested in the involvement of other variant surface antigens in clinical and severe malaria. 

Project resources

2011  ABC Radio Australia interview: Malaria immunity explained

Team member

Digjaya Utama