Tony Papenfuss-Projects

Tony Papenfuss-Projects

Researcher: 
Professor Tony Papenfuss

Projects

Last modified: 
Wed, 29/11/2017 - 10:00am

Tumour evolution and heterogeneity

Tumour evolution underlies metastasis and the development of resistance to treatment. Focusing particularly on melanoma, we are studying the evolution of a variety of cancers using different technologies. This requires the development of new statistical tools to identify evolutionary changes between tumour genomes, including changes in subclonal populations.

Team members: Vincent Corbin, Ismael Vergara, Leon di Stefano

Genomic rearrangements in tumour genomes

We are developing methods to detect and genotype genomic fusions in tumours, and applying these to understand the mechanisms underlying structural variation in tumour genomes. We are particularly interested in complex rearrangements and recently discovered the dynamic mechanisms underlying the formation of highly rearranged neochromosomes, which required mathematical models to make sense of the data.

We previously developed Socrates, a sensitive breakpoint prediction method that identifies clusters soft-clipped reads. We have applied this to a variety of cancer-types and used it to map transgene insertion sites.

Research project diagram
A circos diagram of a liposarcoma neochromosome; the outer ring shows copy number

Resource: Socrates program available at http://bioinf.wehi.edu.au/socrates

Team members: Jan Schröder, Daniel Cameron, Leon di Stefano

Scabies mite genome project

Scabies is a skin infection caused by the parasitic mite, Sarcoptes scabiei. Scabies affects about 100 million people worldwide. Scabies is a major health problem in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, where co-infection of scabies wounds by bacteria is thought to be the main cause of high rates of rheumatic heart disease.

To accelerate research into scabies mite biology and its health impact in these communities, we are sequencing the genome, transcriptome and microbiome of the scabies mite using a variety of sequencing platforms. We will analyse the scabies genome and compare it with the genomes of other mites to identify essential, conserved genomic features.

Team member: Ehtesham Mofiz

Mechanistic and functional drivers of neochromosome evolution

Neochromosomes are massive, extra chromosomes found in 3 per cent of cancers, but are common in some cancer types, such as liposarcomas.

Neochromosomes harbor the oncogenic changes that drive these cancers. We recently mapped the structure of neochromosomes at high resolution. This revealed that punctuated chromothriptic events and hundreds of breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycles underlie their formation (Garsed et al, Cancer Cell 2014).

We are now pursuing the molecular machinery that contributes to this process.

Team member: Alan Rubin